10 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
- Urinary Chloride ... diarrhea), Sweat ... , Gitelman syndrome ... acidosis: Chronic diarrhea ... #causes #urinary
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
- Urinary Chloride ... Algorithm Cl- ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #Urinary #Chloride ... #urine #Algorithm
Acid Base and Blood Gas Analysis
1. pH - What’s the primary disturbance?
2. pCO2 - What’s the
pH - What’s the primary ... Respiratory Acidosis ... Vomiting D - Diarrhea ... acidbase #workup #algorithm ... #respiratory #bloodgas
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low intake • Metabolic ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... Renal Losses: • Metabolic ... secreting tumor, Primary
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... diarrhea (congenital ... reversal of chronic respiratory ... > 20 meq/L • Primary ... after fasting #Metabolic
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... mEq/g suggests urinary ... Pressure: - Metabolic ... Hippurate - Metabolic
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Respiratory or Metabolic ... compensation • Respiratory ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... acidosis: - Diarrhea ... Nephrology #ABG #bloodgas
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea ... , Acute Respiratory ... • N Vitamin D: Primary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
Refeeding Syndrome ... from hormonal and metabolic ... decompensation (CHF) • Respiratory ... Palpitations • Diarrhea ... deficiency • Primary
Terry's Nails

Patient of about 70 years, HIV positive, transplanted kidney donor cadaver in the previous 6
complicated with urinary ... hospitalization due to diarrhea ... nails are seen (see ... abnormal steroid metabolism ... such as nephrotic syndrome