8 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Algorithm Cl- ... , a high urine chloride ... Urine chloride is ... #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
145 mmol/L High Urine ... Osmotic diuresis (see ... glucosuria Low Urine ... loss • Watery Diarrhea ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... NORMAL PLASMA OSMOLALITY ... volume loss - diarrhea ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Normal Anion-Gap ... Chloride Intoxication ... - Normal saline ... Loss of HCO3 - Diarrhea ... Diagnosis #Workup #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... Gastrointestinal loss: Diarrhea ... syndrome Low-normal ... Distal RTA Low-normal ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... consumption • Low/Normal ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Normal Anion Gap ... Loss (Negative urine ... net charge) • Diarrhea ... MetabolicAcidosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Metabolic alkalosis • Normal ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... • Congenital chloride ... diarrhea Potential ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology