12 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... , a high urine chloride ... Urine chloride is ... #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... diarrhea), Sweat ... - Normal/low ... , Gitelman syndrome
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... Gastrointestinal loss: Diarrhea ... Low-normal EABV ... #potassium #differential ... #algorithm #diagnosis
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Osmotic diuresis (see ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... Urine Osmolality ... loss • Watery Diarrhea
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Diagnosis Algorithm ... 2-2.5% or 24h Urine ... Mg < 10g • Diarrhea ... • Gitelman's syndrome ... Hypomagnesemia #Magnesium #Low
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
anti-Smith Ab, low ... Skin Disease Classification ... permanent alopecia Differential ... edema, active urine ... , lymphopenia, low
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... #differential #
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... isolation) GI loss - Urine ... <20mmol/d • Diarrhea ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal or low ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... • Congenital chloride ... diarrhea Potential
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
ischemia - Skin: erythematous ... systemic lupus erythematosus ... • Complement (Low ... vasculitis, and SLE ... #rheumatology #classification