16 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Osmotic diuresis (see ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... loss • Watery Diarrhea ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... complications such as ... evaluating hypokalemia is ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... #low
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Algorithm Isotonic ... Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic Syndrome ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology ... #sodium #low
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... / serum Na >1 is ... can be high or low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... table #sodium #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... Chloride #urine #Algorithm
Horner's Syndrome on Physical Exam

A 75yoF was referred in for facial swelling and eyelid changes 1
Horner's Syndrome ... She demonstrated ... conditions such as ... video highlights how ... #physicalexam #neurology
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Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Decreased Intake: • Low ... NGT suction - Diarrhea ... Hypotension • AMS ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) - ICU One Pager Summary
Indications (AIEOU):
 • A: Acidosis (usually severe metabolic)
valproate, etc); see ... semi-permanent (a tunneled CVC ... a non-tunneled CVC ... SLEDD (Sustained low ... RRT #managment #nephrology
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
inflammatory disease How ... cytokines, such as ... failure • Fever is ... erythematosus [SLE ... 10,000 ng/mL • Hyponatremia
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Compensation, Acute vs ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... acidosis: - Diarrhea ... sedation, narcotics, CVA ... Neuromuscular weakness (GBS