16 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Extra-renal Losses ... loss (Diarrhea) ... • Metabolic acidosis ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... diarrhea • Kidney ... of sodium and potassium ... Chloride #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
Metabolic and Respiratory Acidosis and Alkalosis - Diagnostic Algorithm

Anion gap - MUDPILES: 
 - Methanol (formic
Metabolic and Respiratory ... - Diagnostic Algorithm ... Addison disease - Renal ... - Diarrhea ... Recommended Text: Nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Acidosis - RTA ... - Diarrhea pH ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Renal artery stenosis ... #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... suggests extra-renal ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... acidosis: Proximal ... #nephrology #low
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Diarrhea B. ... Renal acidosis ... Chronic progressive kidney ... Potassium-sparing ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Framework and Workup ... Loss of HCO3 - Diarrhea ... #Metabolic #NAGMA ... Differential #Diagnosis #Workup ... #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... tubal acidosis ... and metabolic alkalosis ... losses, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... #Causes #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
NGT suction - Diarrhea ... • RENAL LOSS: ... unloading • Kidney ... acidosis - Cl ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• Recent IV potassium ... infusions) - Metabolic ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... insufficiency/Failure • SLE ... #high #nephrology