8 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... Glucocorticoid deficit - Hypokalemia ... Vomiting - Diarrhea ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... NG drainage - Diarrhea ... Low #Potassium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... Osmotic diuresis (see ... loss • Watery Diarrhea ... #Causes
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
constipation, diarrhea ... , nausea, abdominal ... ); nausea, vomiting ... constipation, diarrhea ... #pharmacology #table
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypovolemia, UNa ... losses, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... #Causes #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Algorithm Isotonic ... : • Hypovolemia ... Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
losses - Chronic diarrhea ... Hypercalcemia - Hypokalemia ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... Abdominal cramps, N/V, diarrhea ... , Vomiting, Diarrhea ... - Hyperkalemia