12 results
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
- Differential ... papilledema • Horner syndrome ... history of cancer, HIV ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... and signs (e.g.
Acute Retroviral Syndrome
Acute Retroviral Syndrome is the symptomatic presentation of acute human immunodeficiency virus infection

 •
Acute Retroviral Syndrome ... Symptoms: • Headache ... Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea ... • Severe headache ... • New onset SLE
Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus (SLE)
General: Fever (50%), Depression, Fatigue (75%), Weight loss (50%)
Eye: Sjögrens (15%)
Skin
Systemic Lupus (SLE ... Aseptic necrosis of hip ... Demyelinating syndromes ... #systemic #erythematosus ... #signs #symptoms
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
SLE (Systemic Lupus ... permanent alopecia Differential ... Shrinking lung syndrome ... PNS and CNS • Headache ... Induced Lupus: • Symptoms
Signs and Symptoms Associated With Different Headache Etiologies
 • Nonfocal mental status changes - Meningitis, encephalitis,
Signs and Symptoms ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... deficits (CN Ill, IV ... #signs #symptoms ... #clues #differential
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
- Differential ... Pneumonia: • 3 syndromes ... • CT: Halo sign ... papules, pustules, erythematous ... Constitutional symptoms
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
(headache and diplopia ... Behcet disease) Differential ... Oral aphthae : SLE ... #diagnosis #management ... #signs #symptoms
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
ischemia - Skin: erythematous ... systemic lupus erythematosus ... Presentation - Systemic Symptoms ... purpura: strong sign ... vasculitis, and SLE
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
• Or brainstem syndromes ... Constipation, Diarrhea ... Signs and symptoms ... • Acute: - IV ... sclerosis #diagnosis #management
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Cord Disorders - Differential ... and signs below ... , HIV, CMV, HTLV ... Behcet disease - SLE ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome