77 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Normal Acid-Base: Low ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential ... - Refeeding Syndrome ... #potassium #low ... #pathophysiology
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
severe clinical ... Palpitations • Diarrhea ... hyperparathyroidism Treatment ... #Nutrition #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
losses - Chronic diarrhea ... - Hungry bones syndrome ... Hypomagnesemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Low ... Classification #Causes
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
- Differential ... Urine Mg < 10g • Diarrhea ... • Gitelman's syndrome ... Hypomagnesemia #Magnesium #Low ... #Causes #Differential
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... consumption • Low ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential
Thiamine Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Clinical Manifestations

Causes of Thiamine Deficiency:
 • Poor intake:
	- Diets
Thiamine Deficiency - Differential ... Framework and Clinical ... Manifestations Causes ... Increased loss: - Diarrhea ... beriberi #nutrition #pathophysiology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... Congenital chloride diarrhea ... - Normal/low ... , Gitelman syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Leptospirosis
Pathogen: Leptospira (interrogans, kirschneri, noguchii)
Risk Factors:
 • Occupational exposure - Farmers, ranchers, trappers, veterinarians
 • Recreational
infestations • Low ... non-productive cough, nausea ... , vomiting and diarrhea ... Epidemiologic exposure + clinical ... microbiology #diagnosis #treatment
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... high WBC count cause ... : • Pathophysiology ... , Elevated Cr, Low ... calcium • Treatment