16 results
Abnormal Liver Function Tests - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm for Transaminitis
Hepatocellular Pattern (ALT or AST > ALP):
Abnormal Liver Function ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Severe - ALT >15X ULN ... Transaminitis #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #hepatology
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Severe ALT > 15x ULN ... disease US — Normal ... Others #LFTs #Hepatology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Ascites - Differential Diagnosis and Workup Algorithm

•
Perform paracentesis:
 • Cell count and diff 
 • Total
Diagnosis and Workup Algorithm ... ascites WBC and PMN ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... gastroenterology #hepatology
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP) - Diagnosis and Management
Ascites PMN > 250/mm3
? Nosocomial or hospital acquired. Recent
Management Ascites PMN ... response - ↓ PMN ... ) prophylaxis Primary ... Diagnosis #Management #hepatology
Hypercalcemia Evaluation
1) Clinical clues
 - Is the patient symptomatic?
 - Family history?
 - Have you done
→ Primary hyperapara ... likely - Mid range/ULN ... → Primary hyperpara ... FeCa <1 %) - Low normal ... • If all normal
Causes of Anemia with Normal Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased WBCs
 - Decreased/NormaI
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Reticulocytosis • Primary ... Anemias (MAHA) - Abnormal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Hematology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
injury • Gait is abnormal ... dysfunction • Abnormal ... : Areflexia UMN ... plantar response LMN ... differential #algorithm
Autoimmune Hepatitis

Clinical Presentation
 - Highly variable clinical presentation, from subclinical disease to acute liver failure.
 -
upper limit of normal ... ALT + AST > 10x ULN ... ALT + AST > 5x ULN ... AND IgG > 2x ULN ... Diagnosis #Management #Hepatology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Primary Biliary ... • ALT & AST normal ... • ALP > 1.5 x ULN ... malignancy #Primary ... diagnosis #workup #hepatology
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ... ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ... - If both are normal ... of ALP • Near normal ... #differential #Hepatology