15 results
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
Droplets that contain bacilli ... affecting the lungs ... • Lymphoma • Lung ... • Progressive lung ... pneumothorax, bronchiectasis
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
Droplets that contain bacilli ... affecting the lungs ... • Lymphoma • Lung ... • Progressive lung ... pneumothorax, bronchiectasis
Bronchiectasis - Permanent dilation of an airway
WHAT CAN YOU SEE ON CT?
1) Lack of tapering of
Bronchiectasis - ... segment or lobe of lung ... involving both lungs ... WHAT ARE COMMON CAUSES ... Infection (Bacterial, TB
Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Airways: 
 • Bronchitis
 • Bronchiectasis
 • Malignancy: Primary bronchogenic CA, Endobronchial
Bronchitis • Bronchiectasis ... • Infection: TB ... westermani, PNA, Lung ... Diagnosis #pulmonary #causes
Mucoid impaction
Mucus plugs or mucoid impaction can mimick the appearance of lung nodules or a mass.
Sometimes
appearance of lung ... patients with bronchiectasis ... bronchial obstruction caused ... structures in the right lung ... Radiology #CXR #CTChest
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
Chronic inflammation causes ... Most Common Causes ... • Infection: TB ... in the adjacent lung ... of the affected lung
Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Massive Hemoptysis: >150-300 mL in 24h
Airway disease: 
 • Bronchitis, Bronchiectasis, Malignancy
• Bronchitis, Bronchiectasis ... Infection: Bacterial (TB ... Malignancy: Primary lung ... Postprocedural, Lung ... Diagnosis #pulmonary #causes
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
• Most common cause ... level seen • Chest ... Clindamycin in case ... westermani • Other: TB ... #differential #causes
The CXR demonstrates a reticular interstitial pattern with a preference at the lung bases.
The HRCT demonstrates
preference at the lung ... bases. ... honeycombing and traction bronchiectasis ... Radiology #CXR #UIP #CTChest ... Honeycombing #Traction #Bronchiectasis
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
Lung Infections ... Legionella: • Nausea ... factor • May cause ... infiltrates, mimicking TB ... reported in 100% of cases