13 results
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
Droplets that contain bacilli ... Pleuritic CP • +/- hemoptysis ... Complications: Hemoptysis ... and Culture • CXR ... disease • Check CXR
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
Droplets that contain bacilli ... Pleuritic CP • +/- hemoptysis ... Complications: Hemoptysis ... and Culture • CXR ... disease • Check CXR
Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Airways: 
 • Bronchitis
 • Bronchiectasis
 • Malignancy: Primary bronchogenic CA, Endobronchial
Hemoptysis - Differential ... Parenchyma: • Infection ... : TB, Paragonimus ... westermani, PNA, Lung ... #causes
Chronic Cough - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red Flags:
 • Fever, night sweats, chills (infection)
 • Weight loss,
sweats, chills (infection ... disease or CHF) • Hemoptysis ... lymadenopathy, clubbing, chest ... ) • Abnormal CXR ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Massive Hemoptysis: >150-300 mL in 24h
Airway disease: 
 • Bronchitis, Bronchiectasis, Malignancy
Parenchyma: • Infection ... : Bacterial (TB, ... Postprocedural, Lung ... Differential #Diagnosis #pulmonary ... #causes
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
polymicrobial infection ... pain, hemoptysis ... Blood cultures • CXR ... westermani • Other: TB ... #Abscess #pulmonary
Pulmonary Infections in HIV-AIDS
Bacterial: 
 • No organism identified, Strep pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S.aureus, Streptococcus Grp
Pulmonary Infections ... failure, COPD, Lung ... Evaluation: Imaging (CXR ... /- High res CT chest ... Fungal, AFB), TB
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
Chronic inflammation causes ... • Dyspnea • Hemoptysis ... Most Common Causes ... : TB, NTM, PNA ... in the adjacent lung
Broncholithiasis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

 • Also known as: Lung stones, pulmoliths, pneumoliths, bronchial calculi
 •
Also known as: Lung ... chronic cough, • Hemoptysis ... Bronchiectasis • Massive hemoptysis ... Causes: • Mycobacterium ... Noninfectious Causes
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) Infections 

Mycobacterial species other than those belonging to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and
status NTM Cause ... Illnesses: • Pulmonary ... Kansasii: • Mimics TB ... • Dyspnea, • Chest ... discomfort, • +/- Hemoptysis