2215 results
Spinal Epidural Abscess Overview

Infection in the epidural space - often caused by bacteremia or direct spread
space - often caused ... by bacteremia or ... osteomyelitis), can cause ... and Treatment ... #Diagnosis #Management
Streptocccus Pneumoniae
Microbiology: Gram Positive, Alpha-hemolytic, Catalase Negative
Epidemiology - 10% adult carriers:
 • Most common cause of:
• Most common cause ... media • Important cause ... Diagnosis: • Physical ... Specificity of 97%) Treatment ... #microbiology #diagnosis
Causes of Antibiotic Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Diagnosis:
 • Non-Infectious: Malignant, Autoimmune, Drug-related (NMS, serotonin syndrome,
Causes of Antibiotic ... Bug: Atypical bacteria ... Aggressive: MRSA bacteremia ... Immunocompromise Treatment ... • Secondary to Treatment
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
• Most common cause ... hemorrhage • Treatment ... Pathogens: • Aerobic Bacteria ... • Anaerobic Bacteria ... #differential #causes
Hepatic Encephalopathy - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Definition:
 • Alteration in brain function manifested by neuropsychiatric symptoms
neuropsychiatric symptoms • Caused ... rule out other causes ... acid by colonic bacteria ... ammonia-producing colonic bacteria ... #Management #treatment
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
Auto-amplification loop Diagnosis ... CMV, HHV8,...), Bacteria ... Drugs, Unknown cause ... Treatment: • ... #management #treatment
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
Chronic inflammation causes ... Most Common Causes ... parenchyma Diagnosis ... cultures (sputum for bacteria ... mycobacteria Treatment
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential Diagnosis ... Septic emboli cause ... hematuria, + RF Treatment ... Treat underlying cause ... • Persistent bacteremia
Causes of Acute Onset Fever - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Viral:
 • Rhinovirus
 • Influenza Virus
 • Parainfluenza
Causes of Acute ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • Intermittent Bacteremia ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #causes
Rigors And Bacteremia - Overview

• Rigors are a response to the release of cytokines and prostaglandins
Rigors And Bacteremia ... pathogen (e.g., bacteria ... in identifying bacteremia ... ratio of 4.65 for bacteremia ... InfectiousDiseases #Diagnosis