3089 results
Purple Urine Bag Syndrome
Chronic, indwelling catheter + bacteriuria (Providencia, Klebsiella, E.coli*) + alkaline urine
Tryptophan → Indoxyl
Sulfatase enzyme (bacteria ... Syndrome #PUBS #pathophysiology ... clinical #photo #differential
Non-cirrhotic Hyperammonemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Hematologic & Vascular:
 • Multiple myeloma & Acute leukemia (plasma cells
Hyperammonemia - Differential ... Urease-producing bacteria ... Hyperammonemia #ammonia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Lactic Acidosis - Overview and Pathophysiology
Lactic acid is an endogenous substrate for gluconeogenesis, that is constantly
- Overview and Pathophysiology ... Other TYPE D: Bacterial ... Acidosis #types #differential ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology
Bandemia Overview

Normal: < 1%
Clinically significant: > 10%

Band neutrophils are slightly less mature than segmented neutrophils and
Neutrophil (Normal) Differential ... culture proven bacteremia ... culture proven bacteremia ... #Bandemia #differential ... CBC #hematology #pathophysiology
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
Lung Abscess Pathophysiology ... Pathogens: • Aerobic Bacteria ... • Anaerobic Bacteria ... Lung Abscess Differential ... Abscess #pulmonary #differential
Non-Infective Endocarditis (NBTE / Marantic Endocarditis)
Non-infective endocarditis is also known as: Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE), Aseptic
known as: Non-bacterial ... embolize • Cannot differentiate ... absent How can we differentiate ... Marantic #diagnosis #pathophysiology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... bile ducts Differential ... Hepatic amyloidosis, Bacterial
Humoral Immunity - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Antigens (Ag) are produced from pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites)
from pathogens (bacteria ... proliferate and differentiate ... Humoral #Immunity #pathophysiology
Upper Urinary Tract infection (UUTI): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Predisposing Factors:
 - Immunocompromised, Diabetes,
 - Elderly, Female
surfaces allow bacterial ... Infection (LUTI) -> Bacteria ... LUTI slide) -> Bacteria's ... parenchyma -> Bacterial ... UrinaryTractInfection #UUTI #Pathophysiology
C5-C9 Deficiency - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Note:
 • Risk of invasive meningococcal disease is 1000-10000x higher
pathogens Bacterial ... MAC formation on bacterial ... channels within bacterial ... => • Bacteria ... C5C9Deficiency #Complement #pathophysiology