29 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Low intake • Metabolic ... Renal Losses: • Metabolic ... thiazide diuretics, Bartter ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Cl-: Diuretics, Bartter ... aldosteronism #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Excessive vomiting - Metabolic ... - Diuresis - Bartter ... metabolic acidosis ... metabolic alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Pathophysiology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... Cl- responsive metabolic ... Post-hypercapneic metabolic ... diuretic use, Bartter ... the indicated causes
Salicylate Toxicity - Diagnosis and Management

Consider if:
1) Patient is hot and altered
2) You see tachypnea with
no respiratory cause ... show anion-gap metabolic ... Labs: Anion-Gap Metabolic ... Aspirin #Toxicity #Toxicology ... diagnosis #management #Treatment
Imaging Patterns of Toxic and Metabolic Brain Disorders

Thalami, Mammillary Bodies and Tectum: Wernicke Encephalopathy
Dentate Nuclei: Metronidazole,
Patterns of Toxic and Metabolic ... Periventricular White Matter ... MRI #Patterns #Toxicology ... #Metabolic #Brain ... Diagnosis #Radiology #Neurology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... Pressure: - Metabolic ... Emesis, Diuretics, Bartter ... Hippurate - Metabolic
Clozapine Toxicology
Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic most often reserved for use in patients who have treatment-resistant
patients who have treatment-resistant ... following first-pass metabolism ... - Metabolism - ... Clozapine is known to cause ... Toxicity #Diagnosis #Pharmacology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... actively working • Bartter ... thiazide-sensitive site) Metabolic ... after fasting #Metabolic ... #nephrology
Causes of Fatigue - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Endocrine
 • Hypo/Hyperthyroidism
 • Diabetes
 • Pituitary Insufficiency
 • Adrenal
Causes of Fatigue ... Insufficiency Metabolic ... Pulmonary Disease Neurologic ... Myasthenia Gravis Pharmacologic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes