52 results
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
High Anion Gap Metabolic ... during hypoxic metabolism ... Aspirin - salicylate toxicity ... #Anion #Gap #Metabolic ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... Cl-: Diuretics, Bartter ... syndrome #Primary #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Colchicine Toxicity 
Naturally-occurring plant alkaloid [Autumn Crocus and Glory Lilly]
2-24 hrs 
 • Severe GI distress
Colchicine Toxicity ... Renal failure • Metabolic ... #Colchicine #Toxicity ... Toxicology #Symptoms #Signs
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Low intake • Metabolic ... Renal Losses: • Metabolic ... thiazide diuretics, Bartter ... potassium #low #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Cl-: Diuretics, Bartter ... aldosteronism #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... Cl- responsive metabolic ... Post-hypercapneic metabolic ... diuretic use, Bartter ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Excessive vomiting - Metabolic ... - Diuresis - Bartter ... - Gitelman SIGNS ... increase may cause metabolic ... decrease may cause metabolic
Salicylate Toxicity - Diagnosis and Management

Consider if:
1) Patient is hot and altered
2) You see tachypnea with
Salicylate Toxicity ... show anion-gap metabolic ... Labs: Anion-Gap Metabolic ... Salicylate #Aspirin #Toxicity ... diagnosis #management #Treatment
Tramadol - Toxicology
Due to different CYP-2D6 genotypes, people variably metabolize tramadol into its active metabolite, M1
This
people variably metabolize ... into its active metabolite ... codeine ultra-rapid metabolism ... activity as the M1 metabolite ... in poor codeine metabolism
Allopurinol and its active metabolite inhibit xanthine oxidase, the enzyme that converts hypoxanthine to xanthine and
and its active metabolite ... #pharmacology #overview ... druginformation #nephrology