33 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Extra-renal Losses ... • Normal Acid-Base ... Low intake • Metabolic ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... potassium #low #nephrology
Approach to Acid Base Disorders - Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis
1) Start with the Anion Gap (AG).
2)
Approach to Acid Base ... Ketoacidosis, Renal ... loss of bicarb, Renal ... GI loss of H+, Renal ... Disorders #Evaluation #workup
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Renal artery stenosis ... Diagnosis #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Metabolic and Respiratory Acidosis and Alkalosis - Diagnostic Algorithm

Anion gap - MUDPILES: 
 - Methanol (formic
Metabolic and Respiratory ... Alkalosis - Diagnostic Algorithm ... Addison disease - Renal ... #Algorithm #MUDPILES ... Recommended Text: Nephrology
Acid Base and Blood Gas Analysis
1. pH - What’s the primary disturbance?
2. pCO2 - What’s the
Acid Base and Blood ... • Salicylates Metabolic ... or Cushing’s) Metabolic ... nickmmark #acidbase #workup ... #algorithm #diagnosis
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Diagnosis and Workup ... HYPOVOLEMIC • extra-renal ... - fevers • renal ... Hypernatremia #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... syndrome #Primary #Metabolic ... #nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... and Diagnosis Algorithm ... → Refer to Nephrology ... for renal biopsy ... #Workup #urology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... salicylates) R Renal ... - Diarrhea - Renal ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... bloodgas #Acid #Base
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... aldosteronism #Metabolic ... #Nephrology #Causes