10 results
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers ... Sodium-channel blockers ... differential #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #pharmacology #potassium ... #medications #druginduced
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... cells: Insulin, Beta-Agonist ... #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
duration CLASS 2 - Beta ... repolarization CLASS 3 - Potassium ... alpha & beta adrenergic ... Classification #Classes ... #pathophysiology
Lymphadenopathy - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Localized: 
 • Cervical: EBV, CMV, HIV, Toxo, TB, Lymphoma, Head /
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Sarcoidosis • Medications ... : Allopurinol, Beta-Blockers ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• Recent IV potassium ... • Beta blockers ... Medications 2. ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• Recent IV potassium ... • Beta blockers ... Medications 2. ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
duration CLASS 2 - Beta ... repolarization CLASS 3 - Potassium ... alpha & beta adrenergic ... Classification #Classes ... #pathophysiology
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 • Cellular Shift:
   - Exercise
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... hyperosmolality - Medications ... : beta blockers, ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #potassium #high
Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APLS) Testing - Hypercoagulable Workup Algorithm
INDICATIONS FOR TESTING:
 • Vascular thrombosis
Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APLS ... Hypercoagulable Workup Algorithm ... INDICATIONS FOR ... maternal chromosomal causes ... IgG and IgM • Beta
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm ... correcting serum potassium ... Other medications ... angiotensin receptor blockers ... continued in most cases