10 results
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • ENaC blockers ... nephropathy • Beta ... #Hyperkalemia #IntercellularShift ... #Nephrology #Differential
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
transplant - SLE High ... - NSAlDs - Beta-Blockers ... #Hyperkalemia #Algorithm
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... potassium • Beta ... blockers • Antibiotics ... cell membrane - Beta ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation ... Algorithm Before ... urinary losses: • High ... Hypokalemia #diagnosis #Algorithm ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... potassium • Beta ... blockers • Antibiotics ... cell membrane - Beta ... #nephrology
Myasthenic Crisis Checklist - Myasthenia Gravis

Evaluation 
 - Chest X-ray and lung ultrasound (exclude other lung
Myasthenia Gravis Evaluation ... differential - Beta-HCG ... unless extremely high ... Cardiovascular: Beta-blockers ... calcium channel blockers
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Intercellular Shift - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift - Appropriate renal excretion (GFR,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Resistance • Beta ... #Hyperkalemia #IntercellularShift ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
The Neurological Evaluation ... wakefulness syndrome • Locked-in ... is the patient locked ... Anisocoria + Coma → high ... #PhysicalExam #neurology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Insulin • Beta ... renin, High aldosterone ... #Hypokalemia #Nephrology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm ... urine Na/Cl < 0.7, high ... angiotensin receptor blockers ... #differential #algorithm ... #nephrology