2341 results
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
↑ AST ↑ ALT ↑ bilirubin ... Treatment: • Corticosteroids ... Diagnosis #Management #Hematology ... #Rheumatology
Bilirubin Metabolism - Pathophysiology
 • Conjugated Bilirubin
 • Unconjugated Bilirubin

By Dr. Khushboo Gala @LouLectures

#Bilirubin #Metabolism #Pathophysiology
Bilirubin Metabolism ... • Conjugated Bilirubin ... • Unconjugated Bilirubin ... LouLectures #Bilirubin ... Pathophysiology #hepatology
Biochemistry and Metabolism of Bilirubin
Hemolysis → Hemoglobin → Heme → Biliverdin → Unconjugated Bilirubin (a.k.a. "indirect
Metabolism of Bilirubin ... → Unconjugated Bilirubin ... "indirect bilirubin ... and "indirect" bilirubin ... pathophysiology #hepatology
Laboratory Testing in Hemolytic Anemia

Intravascular vs Extravascular Hemolysis
Reticulocytes
Unconjugated bilirubin
LDH
Peripheral smear
Haptoglobin
Urine hemosiderin
Urine hemoglobin
Carboxyhemoglobin

#Hemolytic #Anemia #Laboratory #Testing #workup
Unconjugated bilirubin ... workup #diagnosis #hematology
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
haptoglobin ↑ indirect bilirubin ... diagnosis #management #treatment ... #rheumatology
Hypereosinophilia and Hypereosinophilic Syndrome

 • Secondary Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
 • Clinically Relevant HES Variants
 • When to
suspect underlying hematologic ... Diagnosis and Treatment ... Syndrome #HES #Hematology
Liver Chemistry Tests - AST, ALT, Alkaline Phosphatase and Bilirubin Metabolism
AST and ALT:
 • AST: liver
Phosphatase and Bilirubin ... initial insult Bilirubin ... transports conjugated bilirubin ... ASTALT #AlkPhos #Bilirubin ... #Hepatology #Pathophysiology
Inherited Non-hemolytic Disorders of Hyperbilirubinemia 

== Disorders of Conjugation ==
Gilbert Syndrome:
 • 5-10% of the population
birth with serum bilirubin ... associated with bilirubin ... in conjugated bilirubin ... in conjugated bilirubin ... #hepatology #diagnosis
Hemolysis - Diagnostic Algorithm and Causes

Increased red cell production: 
 • Increased Reticulocytosis/polychromasia 
 • Erythroid
Increased Serum bilirubin ... Causes #Workup #Hematology
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Spurious:
 • Artifact (redo CBC)
Autonomous:
 • Essential thrombocytosis
 • Polycythemia
Non malignant hematologic ... effect following treatment ... states • Non-hematologic ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology