1269 results
Approach to Gout
Diagnosis: r/o septic arthritis! Needle-shaped, negative birefringent crystals
Treatment:
 • Weight loss, diet, d/c culprit
Needle-shaped, negative birefringent ... crystals Treatment ... Acute and chronic treatment ... diagnosis #management #treatment
Macroglossia in Light-Chain Amyloidosis- Physical examination revealed macroglossia, with indentations from the teeth (Panel A)...A biopsy
an apple-green birefringence ... diagnosis and treatment
Gout - Diagnosis and Management Summary

3 Conditions for Gout to Manifest:
1. Hyperuricemia
2. Monosodium urate deposition in
Needle-shaped, negatively birefringent ... cortical bone Treatment ... • Acute gout treatment ... diagnosis #management #treatment
Pseudogout Summary - Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition Disease (CPPD)

Pathophysiology:
Pyrophosphate produced by chondrocytes likely precipitates with calcium to
Weakly positively birefringent ... or not birefringent ... Acute Pseudogout: Treatment
Arthrocentesis - Joint Fluid Analysis

Effusion Characteristics (Color, Clarity, WCC, PMN, Crystals, Bacteria) by Disease Process: 
OA,
Pseudogout (positively birefringent ... Gout (negatively birefringent
Monoarthritis - Differential Diagnosis
Infection (Acute):
 - S. aureus (most common)
 - S. pneumonia
 - Salmonella (in
early in dz, neg birefringent ... /l wrists, pos birefringent
CPPD vs Gout

== CPPD == 

Think About CPPD When:
 • Self-limited synovitis after surgery/trauma (> 65
Weakly positively birefringent ... or not birefringent ... Needle-shaped, negatively birefringent
Pharmacologic Treatments of Chronic Hypertension in Pregnancy
Central alpha-agonists
 - Methyldopa
 - Clonidine
Combined alpha- and beta-blocker
 -
Pharmacologic Treatments ... Pregnancy #Management #Treatment
Algorithm for the Treatment of Uremic Pruritus
Nonpharmacologic Treatments:
 • Daily topical emollient
 • Avoidance of extremes
Algorithm for the Treatment ... Nonpharmacologic Treatments ... Pharmacologic Treatments ... max 75 mg daily Treatments ... itching #Algorithm #Treatment
Initial treatment of renal bone disease and cinacalcet for secondary hyperparathyroidism
Phosphate binders reduce hyperphosphataemia and hyperparathyroidism.
Initial treatment ... the first-line treatments