11 results
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
• Common Causes ... pain, diarrhea related ... Check for IF ab Treatment ... consider other diagnosis ... Cobalamin #Deficiency #diagnosis
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
symptoms: • Severe low ... - Emergency Causes ... Differential Diagnosis ... axial T1 and T2 Treatment ... #causes #neurology
The Stages of Syphilis 

Primary Syphilis 
- The chancre lesion is the hallmark of primary syphilis.
Without treatment ... soles in 50% of cases ... or unnoticed) has ... similar to those of B12 ... Latent #Tertiary #Diagnosis
Borrelia recurrentis on Peripheral Blood Smear
23M Somali refugee recently arrived w/severe abd pain, confusion and fever
B recurrentis has ... Syndrome: 3d of ... LBRF can be diagnosed ... Given low sensitivity ... initiation of treatment
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
/ hypoxemia -> focus ... perfusion - shock->treatments ... before beginning treatment ... LV failure - Low ... - Compartment syndrome
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... depress, ↑PR ↑QRS intervals ... only if no clear cause ... Slow - don’t delay ... edema - SPS
Acute Retroviral Syndrome
Acute Retroviral Syndrome is the symptomatic presentation of acute human immunodeficiency virus infection

 •
• The short interval ... detecting HIV for 10-12 ... antibody test) Treatment ... : • ART to slow ... #HIV #diagnosis
Complications after Bariatric Surgery
Post Bariatric Intestinal Failure:
 • Severe protein malnutrition after bariatric surgery
 • More
Consider refeeding syndrome ... nutrients • TPN for treatment ... (N/V bloating, abd ... Gastric bypass causes ... gastroenterology #diagnosis
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome - Overview of IRIS

What Is IRIS?
	• A state of hyperinflammatory response that
Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ... • AIDS with low ... • Parvovirus B19 ... ART should be delayed ... #Inflammatory #Syndrome
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Illness Script
HPS is a pulmonary disorder of chronic liver disease characterized by a
Dilated vessels ... tone = increased flow ... arteriovenous shunting causes ... mortality rate of ~12% ... #cirrhosis #diagnosis