11 results
Hypertension and Altered Mental Status (AMS) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Hypertension:
 • Hypertensive emergency
 • Hypertensive encephalopathy
Mental Status (AMS ... ) - Differential ... Pheochromocytoma • Hyperthyroidism ... with compensatory HTN ... encephalopathy #altered #Differential
Primary and Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary (Essential) (95%) - Onset between age
Hypertension - Differential ... aldosteronism) • Hyperthyroidism ... hypertension) • Hypothyroidism ... Primary #Secondary #HTN ... #Cardiology #Differential
Sinus Tachycardia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Autonomic System:
 • Excess Stimulation: Nicotine, Caffeine, Sympathomimetics, Anticholinergics
 • Withdrawal:
Tachycardia - Differential ... B-blocker Endocrine: Hyperthyroidism ... • Cardiogenic: ACS ... #Tachycardia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #cardiology
Causes of Wide Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis
Physiologic:
 • Advanced age-arteriosclerosis (less compliant arteries)
 • Well
Pulse Pressure - Differential ... failure: - Hyperthyroidism ... fistula - Such as ... Pulse #Pressure #Differential ... Diagnosis #causes #cardiology
Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy
Chronic Hypertension:
 • Guidelines as SBP ≥130 or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg
 •
• Guidelines as ... unless severe HTN ... unless severe HTN ... #obstetrics #cardiology ... #differential #
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup and Differential ... Endocrinologic: Hypothyroidism ... Hyperaldosteronism, Hyperthyroidism ... most pts have HTN ... Workup #causes #Differential
Bradycardia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

BRADI Mnemonic
 • BRASH/Hyperkalemia
 • Reduced oxygen/Glucose/Temp
 • ACS
 • Drugs
 •
Bradycardia - Differential ... Glucose/Temp • ACS ... Endocrine: • Hypothyroidism ... #Bradycardia #differential ... diagnosis #causes #cardiology
Cardiomyopathies 

Manifestations of cardiomyopathy (CM) range from microscopic alterations in cardiac myocytes to fulminant Heart Failure
myocardial involvement as ... Endocrine (DM, Hyper/hypothyroidism ... Cardiomyopathies #cardiology ... #diagnosis #differential
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
Pulse Pressure - Differential ... PP is defined as ... heart failure: - Hyperthyroidism ... fistula - Such as ... Pathophysiology #causes #cardiology
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Vegetations seen as ... long-standing HT ... Mechanism same as ... Primary #Functional #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology