77 results
Causes of Hypermagnesemia
Increased magnesium load
 - Magnesium-containing laxatives, antacids, or enemas
 - Treatment of pre-edampsia/eclampsia (mothers
Causes of Hypermagnesemia ... Increased magnesium ... hypercalcemia - Hypothyroidism ... Hypermagnesemia #Causes ... #diagnosis #differential
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
= (urine magnesium ... Hypomagnesemia #algorithm #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium ... #low
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Hypomagnesemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Renal ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium ... #low
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Hypermagnesemia, Hypothyroidism ... Hypomagnesemia, Hyperthyroidism ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table ... #neurology
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Low Magnesium ... , High Magnesium ... #nephrology #calcium
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Beer Potomania - Low ... • Euvolemic - Hypothyroidism ... #causes #nephrology
Hyperthyroidism - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High/Normal Radioiodine Uptake
 - Autoimmune Thyroid Disease:
    • Grave's
Hyperthyroidism ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Trophoblastic Neoplasm Low ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... endocrinology #causes
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... hormone secretion, Hyperthyroidism ... #differential # ... diagnosis #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Laboratory Evaluation of Patients for Thyroid Disease 
Hyperthyroidism:
 • Graves disease - TSH low; free T4
Thyroid Disease Hyperthyroidism ... high; in some cases ... iodine uptake Hypothyroidism ... #hyperthyroid #differential ... #diagnosis #endocrinology
Breast Discharge - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High Prolactin + Normal TSH
 • Microprolactinoma
 • Steroid Hormone Intake
Breast Discharge - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Prolactin + Normal/ Low ... TSH • Primary Hypothyroidism ... Endocrinology #Causes