27 results
Pathophysiology Based Approach to Hyponatremia - Diagnostic Algorithm

Not the "classic" Volume based approach. 

#Hyponatremia #Algorithm #Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology ... the "classic" Volume ... Hyponatremia #Algorithm #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Differential ... Nephrology #UOsm #Osmolality
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
body water in comparison ... Measuring the serum osmolality ... helps to differentiate ... of the plasma volume ... intravascular volume
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria = >3L Urine output / 24 hours
Urine osmolality = 2 (Na
Polyuria - Differential ... 24 hours Urine osmolality ... /18 HIGH urine osmolality ... 300 mosm/kg • Solute ... Polydipsia #Polyuria #Differential
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 
1) Neurological event
2) Sodium loss from tubules
3) Naturiesis →
Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology ... → Subclinical volume ... Increased urine volume ... SaltWasting #SIADH #Pathophysiology ... #hyponatremia #comparison
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - Differential ... 1) Check Urine Osmolality ... mechanism 2) Volume ... Diuretics, osmotic (solute ... Hypernatremia #Differential
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
of Polyuria - Differential ... Increased Urine Volume ... Diuresis Urine Osmolality ... > Serum Osmolality ... Polyuria #Nephrology #Differential
Shock - Findings, Signs and Symptoms by Classification
 - Hypovolemic (Intravascular volume depletion)
 - Distributive (Vasodilation)
(Intravascular volume ... DrEricStrong #Shock #Differential ... Symptoms #Findings #Comparison
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
Saline (NS) - Comparison ... lactate 28 mEq/L • Osmolarity ... 154 mEq/L • Osmolarity ... Decreased GFR, urine volume ... increases interstitial volume
Conceptual Relationship between Volume Responsiveness and Volume Tolerance

Assessing for volume responsiveness would only tell you that
Relationship between Volume ... Responsiveness and Volume ... Assessing for volume ... Challenge #Diagram #Differential ... #Pathophysiology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
particular attention to volume ... approach to the differential ... Calculate serum osmolality ... Measure urine osmolality ... Assess volume status