18 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... and Workup Step ... Repeat the sodium ... Hypernatremia #Diagnosis ... #Workup #Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
- Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... mechanism 2) Volume ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Algorithm Hypovolemic ... - Give volume Hypervolemic ... treat underlying cause ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... algorithm Urine ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
- Differential Diagnosis ... Effective Circulating Volume ... ”) - Volume depletion ... #Table #Causes ... #Sodium
Hyponatremia - Diagnostic Evaluation Algorithm

Step 1: Consider whether Posm may actually be normal or elevated
Step 2:
Evaluation Algorithm ... Step 3: Assess volume ... considered likely, the cause ... #Workup #Evaluation ... #Algorithm
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
• Caused by splanchnic ... Pathophysiology: ... Diagnosis (Clinical ... Exclude other AKI causes ... • Urine sodium
Non-ACS Myocardial Injury - Elevated Troponin Differential Diagnosis and Workup Algorithm

 • Chronic Myocardial Injury: End
Troponin Differential Diagnosis ... and Workup Algorithm ... Tachycardia-induced HF, Severe Volume ... Occlusion • Stable ... #Algorithm
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Causes of Secondary ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Oral sodium loading ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Workup #table
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
blood donor • Pathophysiology ... without other cause ... transfusion • Pathophysiology ... Reactions #hematology #diagnosis ... #comparison #table