15 results
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 
1) Neurological event
2) Sodium loss from tubules
3) Naturiesis →
Cerebral Salt Wasting ... Neurological event 2) Sodium ... → Subclinical volume ... diagnosis #nephrology #hyponatremia ... #comparison
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Volume Based Approach ... to Hyponatremia ... Renal losses, Cerebral ... algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
Differential Algorithm ... in addition) of volume ... acid: - Urine sodium ... - Urine sodium ... #Differential #Algorithm
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Algorithm Hypertonic ... Reset osmostat, Cerebral ... polydipsia, Low solute ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia ... algorithm Urine ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... Insufficiency, Cerebral ... diagnosis #table #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Repeat the sodium ... Assess volume status ... • extra-renal volume ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Effective Circulating Volume ... ”) - Volume depletion ... osmostat - Cerebral ... Table #Causes #Sodium
A lazy man's classification of hyponatremia
There are two possible approaches to the diagnosis of hyponatremia: .
A lazy man's classification ... of hyponatremia ... osmolality and urinary sodium ... patient has SIADH or cerebral ... #Algorithm #Differential
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
Hyponatremia (<135 ... body water in comparison ... consequence of cerebral ... True hyponatremia ... #hyponatremia #ADH
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypovolemic - Give volume ... UnremarkableLab #Hyponatremia ... diagnosis #nephrology #sodium