47 results
Severe Mitral Stenosis- The physical examination revealed a right parasternal heave, a loud S1, a midpeaking
LA denotes left atrium ... The left atrium ... with an indexed atrial ... decrease in left atrial ... clinical #doppler #radiology
Causes of Diastolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Early Diastolic:
 • Aortic Regurgitation
 • Pulmonary Regurgitation (Graham-Steell
Mid-Diastolic: • Mitral ... Flint Murmur) • Atrial ... Diastolic: • Mitral ... Diastolic #Murmurs #Cardiology
Valvular vs Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation - Classification
Valvular:
 • Presence of moderate-to-severe mitral stenosis or artificial (mechanical)
vs Non-Valvular Atrial ... moderate-to-severe mitral ... moderate-to-severe mitral ... #NonValvular #Atrial ... Classification #diagnosis #cardiology
Mitral Stenosis and Left Atrial Thrombus on Echocardiogram (a4c)

Mitral stenosis is a risk factor for LA
Mitral Stenosis ... and Left Atrial ... Echocardiogram (a4c) Mitral ... #Stenosis #Atrial ... Echocardiogram #clinical #cardiology
Antithrombotic Therapy in Patients with Prosthetic Heart Valves - INR Targets
Mechanical Valve - Duration Lifelong
INR 3.0:
INR 3.0: • Any mitral ... thromboembolism (atrial ... thromboembolism (atrial ... months • Aortic or Mitral ... Heart #Valves #cardiology
Cardiac Auscultation Maneuvers for Murmurs
Maneuvers result in INCREASED murmur:
 • Inspiration - Right-sided
 • Valsalva -
• Handgrip - Mitral ... VSD • Transient arterial ... occlusion - Mitral ... Murmurs #Cardiac #cardiology
Diastolic Function Grading - Schematic diastolic filling patterns

I: impaired relaxation, II: moderate diastolic dysfunction (pseudonormal), III:
electrocardiogram, MI: mitral ... inflow, MA: mitral ... progression, LA: left atrium ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... chordae Severe mitral ... (vegetations)/tumor ... (left atrial myxoma ... #differential #cardiology
RA/CVP Waveform Interpretation

Central venous pressure (CVP) or right atrial pressure (RAP) waveform tracings can often times
(CVP) or right atrial ... to disorganized atrial ... ‘v’ wave with mitral ... Success of mitral ... Interpretation #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
of developing atrial ... mmHg developed atrial ... Endocarditis • Mitral ... Regurgitation • Mitral ... Pathophysiology #causes #cardiology