40 results
Ascites Differential Diagnosis Table - Serum Ascites Albumin Gradient (SAAG)

SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 • Cirrhosis
 • Portal
Ascites Albumin Gradient ... (SAAG) SAAG ... thrombosis • Late budd-chiari ... obstruction • Early budd-chiari ... Serum #Albumin #Gradient
Diagnosis of ascites according to the serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG)
SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 - Ascitic protein
ascites albumin gradient ... (SAAG) SAAG ≥ ... Cirrhosis, Late Budd-Chiari ... pericarditis, Early Budd-Chiari ... ascites #albumin #gradient
Granular & “Muddy Brown” Casts on Urine Microscopy
A. Finely granular cast B. slightly coarser granular cast
Granular & “Muddy ... Brown” Casts on ... coarse (c) and muddy ... of mb granular casts ... Granular #MuddyBrown #Casts
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy - Casts ... Acellular Casts ... • Hyaline Casts ... • "Muddy Brown ... " Casts - Strongly
Muddy Brown Granular Casts three ways - Brightfield, Darkfield, Phase Contrast.

Dr. Vipin Varghese @vipvargh

#Muddy #Brown #Granular
Muddy Brown Granular ... Casts three ways ... Varghese @vipvargh #Muddy ... Brown #Granular #Casts
Causes of Ascites
Normal Peritoneum
Portal hypertension (SAAG > 1.1 g/dL)
  1. Hepatic congestionl
Causes of Ascites ... hypertension (SAAG ... insufficiency - Budd-Chiari ... - Myxedema (SAAG ... peritonitis #Ascites #Causes
Examples of varying granular and granular/waxy mixed casts: 
A: coarse granular/broad-waxy (and surrounding white blood cells);
granular/waxy mixed casts ... light granular/muddy ... granular, C and D: muddy ... Granular #MuddyBrown #Casts
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
microscopy • Red cell casts ... • White cell casts ... infection • Hyaline casts ... disease • Granular casts ... diagnosis #nephrology #casts
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
) estimated by gradient ... HTN: ascites (SAAG ... Post-Hepatic: • Cardiac causes ... pericarditis • Budd ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... "Muddy-brown" heme-granular ... casts are seen ... 34t5DgJ #Urinary #Casts