27 results
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Secondary Causes ... - Differential ... abuse/ withdrawal Anatomic ... Unilateral RAS Metabolic ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hypertension in Pregnancy - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Pre-existing Hypertension - Before Pregnancy OR <20 weeks gestational age
Pregnancy - Differential ... • Primary ... • Secondary ... (> 0.3 g/24hr urine ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential ... the existence of hypertension ... suggests either secondary ... or primary hyperaldosteronism ... #nephrology #potassium
Syncope - Differential Diagnosis
The percentage of syncopal events secondary to arrhythmias or structural disease is generally
Syncope - Differential ... • ANS failure (primary ... , secondary) • ... Non-syncopal - 6% • Metabolic ... #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Causes of Secondary ... Hypertension - ... Differential Diagnosis ... test (with 24-h urine ... #Hypertension #
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... (late) • High Urine ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... Kidney Injury AKI - Differential ... nephropathy • Secondary ... • Prolonged hypotension ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
- Urinary Chloride ... Hypomagnesemia • Hypertension ... the indicated causes ... #Urinary #Chloride ... #nephrology #differential
Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Red Urine:
 • Medical conditions: bleeding, porphyria, factitious disorder
 • Meds: rifampin,
Urine Color - Differential ... : • Any cause of ... conditions: IJTIs secondary ... www.youtube.com/c/ ... discoloration #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other causes ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology