28 results
Common sodium channel blockers which cause QRS widening.

Anticonvulsants: 
 - Carbamazepine 
Antidysrhythmics:  
 - Group
blockers which cause ... - Group IA and ... QRS #widening #ECG ... #EKG #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Toxicology
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Infiltrative disorders (e.g ... in kidneys) - Medications ... (e.g. lithium, ... renal diseases (e.g ... #Causes
Constipation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Diet/Lifestyle
 • Fibre
 • Calories
 • Fluid
 • Exercise
 • Psychosocial
Medications
 •
(e.g. ... Cation Related (e.g ... Anticholinergic (e.g ... Bowel Disease and ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Hyperkalemia shortens repolarization; changes in the T wave provide the earliest clues to hyperpotassemia.
 - At
Hyperkalemia shortens ... repolarization causes ... in conduction causes ... #EKG #ECG #Changes ... #Progression #Table
Compelling and Possible Contraindications to Antihypertensive Drugs
Diuretics (thiazides)
 - Gout
 - Metabolic syndrome, Glucose intolerance, Pregnancy,
Compelling and Possible ... failure - Co-medication ... Pgp-dependent drugs (e.g ... antihypertensive #medications ... contraindications #table
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - Causes ... of Hyporeflexia and ... Hyporeflexia: • Hypercalcemia ... polyneuropathy (e.g ... differential #diagnosis #table
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
exchange for hydrogen and ... K, magnesium, and ... ); nausea, vomiting ... #medications #pharmacology ... #table #comparison
Medications for the Treatment of Hyperkalemia
The goals of acute treatment are to prevent potentially life-threatening cardiac
Medications for ... , changes on ECG ... , and Table 3 summarizes ... medications used ... #Management #Medications
Vasopressors and Inotropes - Pharmacology Summary
Vasopressors
Phenylephrine (alpha-1)
 • Increases BP, SVR
 • Risk of reflex bradycardia
Inotropes - Pharmacology ... • Higher doses cause ... cAMP/cGMP • Causes ... Vasopressors #Inotropes #Pharmacology ... Summary #management #medications
How do you work up an ischemic CVA?
A) Initial Evaluation
 • ABCs
 • IV access, monitor
Finger glucose • Medication ... r/o hemorrhage and ... Cardioembolic: • ECG ... +/- TEE (high Afib ... v Holter (r/o Afib