121 results
Carcinoid Syndrome - Pathophysiology, Signs and Symptoms
Symptoms: Flushing, diarrhea, palpitations, bronchospasm
Complications: Carcinoid heart, mesenteric fibrosis, pellagra,
Carcinoid Syndrome ... - Pathophysiology ... Symptoms Symptoms: Flushing ... #Carcinoid #Syndrome ... #Pathophysiology
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - Causes ... Deep coma (any cause ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... stroke, Delayed finding ... Hyperthyroidism, Serotonin syndrome
Etiologies of Peripheral Neuropathy
 • Metabolic / Nutritional: DiabetesB12 deficiency, Uremia/ESRD, Hypothyroidism
 • Medication-induced: ART, Antibiotics,
Inflammatory/AI: CIDP ... Paraprotein-associated (POEMS syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Carbenoxolone, SAME, Cushing ... Syndrome • HTN ... diuretics, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrom ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Marcus Gunn Phenomenon - Jaw Winking Syndrome

Jaw-winking syndrome is thought to be caused by abnormal innervation
- Jaw Winking Syndrome ... Jaw-winking syndrome ... thought to be caused ... Most cases are congenital ... video #neurology #physicalexam
Pemberton's Sign caused by a Retrosternal Thyroid Goiter

Elevating the arms causes the previously flat neck veins
Pemberton's Sign caused ... Elevating the arms causes ... superior vena cava syndrome ... Thyroid #Goiter #PhysicalExam ... neck #mass #SVC #Syndrome
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Refeeding Syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #pathophysiology
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
Alzheimer's (99% of cases ... Alzheimer's (1% of cases ... mutations - Down syndrome ... Aphasia, word-finding ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia #pathophysiology
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
HYPOVENTILATION • Rising ... gas equation • Causes ... obesity-hypoventilation syndrome ... • Most common cause ... hepatopulmonary syndrome
Cushing Syndrome - Likelihood Ratios of Physical Exam Findings
Moon facies LR +1.6
Central obesity LR +3.0
Generalized obesity
Cushing Syndrome ... SatyaPatelMD #Cushings #Syndrome ... #Ratios #LRs #PhysicalExam