17 results
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Pulmonary Arterial ... Defect ** • Atrial ... Abnormalities • Chest ... #Hypoxia #Differential
Hypoxemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm by A-a Gradient

Normal A-a Gradient:
 • ↓ Atmospheric pressure
 • Hypoventilation: CNS
Hypoxemia Differential ... Hypoventilation: CNS ... neuromuscular disease ... , ↓ chest wall compliance ... #Hypoxia #Differential
Hypoxemia / Hypoxia - Rapid Response Management Algorithm

Stridor - Upper airway pathology:
 • Anaphylaxis
 • Foreign
Rapid Response Management ... asthma • Pleural disease ... Hypoventilation: • CNS ... MG, ALS) • ↓ chest ... #Hypoxia #differential
Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia (MAT)
• At least 3 different P wave morphologies: 
• Rate 100-180
• Irregular 
Etiology
Multifocal Atrial ... to chronic lung disease ... (COPD) • Hypoxia ... • Pulmonary hypertension ... Tachycardia #MAT #Cardiology
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Hypoventilation: CNS ... Weakness, Loss of Chest ... Elasticity (flail chest ... #pulmonary #Hypoxia ... #hypoxemia #differential
Causes of Palpitations
 • ARRHYTHMiA 
 • SINUS ARRYTHMIA 
 • ATRIAL FIBRILLATION 
 • ATRIAL
ARRYTHMIA • ATRIAL ... PHAEOCHROMOCYTOMA • PULMONARY ... DISEASEHYPOXIA ... Palpitations #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Atrial Fibrillation Overview

Symptoms:
Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

1. Why?
Cardiac:
• Valvular heart disease
•
Atrial Fibrillation ... exercise intolerance, chest ... Noncardiac: • Pulmonary ... #Fibrillation #Cardiology ... #Management #Algorithm
Highlighted Conditions With Arteritis or Periarteritis of the Coronaries
Takayasu's arteritis:
 - Onset < 40 yrs
 -
sinusitis - pulmonary ... pancreatitis Erdheim-Chester ... osteosclerosis) - Right atrial ... Coronaries #Arteritis #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
life-threatening diseases ... Inflammatory eye disease ... Other tests: • CT chest ... typically seen on chest ... #diagnosis #management
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
Chronic cough • Hypoxia ... Loss of weight • Chest ... , in advanced disease ... high-resolution chest ... #differential #