36 results
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
Causes of Hypoxemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • Pulmonary Arterial ... Defect ** • Atrial ... #Hypoxia #Differential
Hypoxemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm by A-a Gradient

Normal A-a Gradient:
 • ↓ Atmospheric pressure
 • Hypoventilation: CNS
Hypoxemia Differential ... Hypoventilation: CNS ... neuromuscular disease ... #Hypoxia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #pulmonary
Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia (MAT)
• At least 3 different P wave morphologies: 
• Rate 100-180
• Irregular 
Etiology
Multifocal Atrial ... to chronic lung disease ... (COPD) • Hypoxia ... • Pulmonary hypertension ... Tachycardia #MAT #Cardiology
Hypoxemia / Hypoxia - Rapid Response Management Algorithm

Stridor - Upper airway pathology:
 • Anaphylaxis
 • Foreign
Rapid Response Management ... asthma • Pleural disease ... Hypoventilation: • CNS ... #Hypoxia #differential ... #Diagnosis #Management
Causes of Palpitations
 • ARRHYTHMiA 
 • SINUS ARRYTHMIA 
 • ATRIAL FIBRILLATION 
 • ATRIAL
ARRYTHMIA • ATRIAL ... PHAEOCHROMOCYTOMA • PULMONARY ... DISEASEHYPOXIA ... Palpitations #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Hypoventilation: CNS ... , Interstitial Disease ... Gradient #alveolar #arterial ... #pulmonary #Hypoxia ... #hypoxemia #differential
Atrial Fibrillation Overview

Symptoms:
Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

1. Why?
Cardiac:
• Valvular heart disease
•
Atrial Fibrillation ... Noncardiac: • Pulmonary ... Anticoagulation #Atrial ... #Fibrillation #Cardiology ... #Management #Algorithm
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
Pulmonary arterial ... arterial hypertension ... and/or hypoxia ... pulmonary disease ... Classification #Diagnosis #Differential
Causes of Pulmonary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
 • Idiopathic
 • Associated with:
Causes of Pulmonary ... Hypertension - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm Pulmonary ... Arterial Hypertension ... and/or Hypoxemia
Clues to Differential Diagnosis of Central Cyanosis: Onset of cyanosis, Clubbing, Secondary erythrocytosis, Auscultation, X-ray, Echocardiography,
Clues to Differential ... Echocardiography, Arterial ... heart defect - Pulmonary ... diseases - Pulmonary ... Diagnosis #Central #Cardiology