35 results
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
of Hypoxemia- Differential ... • Interstitial lung ... diseasePulmonary ... Defect ** • Atrial ... Hypoventilation Syndrome
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Hypoventilation: CNS ... Hypoventilation Syndrome ... : Atelectasis, ARDS ... , Interstitial Lung ... #hypoxemia #differential
Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia (MAT)
• At least 3 different P wave morphologies: 
• Rate 100-180
• Irregular 
Etiology
Multifocal Atrial ... Secondary to chronic lung ... disease (COPD) ... • Hypoxia • Pulmonary ... Tachycardia #MAT #Cardiology
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome (HPS) 

HPS-differential diagnosis:
1. Pulmonary vasculature
2. Diseases of the lung parenchyma
3. Pleura and diaphragm

HPS-diagnosis:
1. Patients
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome ... (HPS) HPS-differential ... Diseases of the ... lung parenchyma ... Alveolar-arterial
Radiographic appearances of pulmonary diseases in HIV/AIDS Patients
 • Diffuse Interstitial Infiltrates: Pneumocystis jirovecii, M.tuberculosis, Histoplasma
/AIDS Patients ... disease, Pulmonary ... Actinomyces spp., NHL; Lung ... #diseases #differential ... diagnosis #chestCT #radiology
Right-Sided Heart Failure - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac Causes - Rule out Left-Sided Heart Failure (Most Common):
Heart Failure - Differential ... Diffuse Lung Disease ... Respiratory Distress Syndrome ... Arterial Hypertension ... #HeartFailure #Cardiology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Diagnosis- Compatible syndrome ... lymphoproliferative disease ... lesions • 80% with lung ... Lesions #Brain #differential ... diagnosis #causes #radiology
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Chronic Dyspnea - Differential ... • Sub-Valvular Disease ... Acute Coronary Syndrome ... Arrhythmia • Atrial ... Pneumonia • ARDS
Causes of Palpitations
 • ARRHYTHMiA 
 • SINUS ARRYTHMIA 
 • ATRIAL FIBRILLATION 
 • ATRIAL
ARRYTHMIA • ATRIAL ... PARKINSON WHITE SYNDROME ... PHAEOCHROMOCYTOMA • PULMONARY ... Palpitations #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Edema - Differential ... acute cardiac disease ... respiratory distress syndrome ... Transfusion-related acute lung ... #diagnosis #cardiology