13 results
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Syndrome ->Cord ... Primarily Upper Extremity ... Mixed upper and lower ... saddle anesthesia. leg ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Diagnosis Framework ... cyanosis - Cool extremity ... #differential #diagnosis ... #lower #extremity ... #msk #physicalexam
Physical Exam findings in Lower Extremity DVT - Likelihood Ratios
 - Asymmetric calf swelling, ≥2 cm
Extremity DVT - ... Swelling of entire leg ... - Palpable cord ... Likelihood #Ratios #PhysicalExam ... #diagnosis
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
involvement: Intractable nausea ... • Transverse myelitis ... : Motor and sensory ... pain • Extra-CNS ... Manifestations #diagnosis
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
Lower Extremity ... • Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Commonly caused ... neurology #sensory #motor ... #leg #physicalexam
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
(CES) is usually ... - Emergency Causes ... : • Spinal cord ... • Transverse myelitis ... #causes #neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
that results in CNS ... flexors of the legs ... bouts of HTN Diagnostic ... : • Sensory, motor ... Diagnosis: •
Upper Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Motor Function
Shoulder:
 • Abduction - C5,C6 (axillary)
 • Adduction - C6, C7,
Upper Extremity ... and Myotomes Motor ... Triceps power is ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis ... #arm #physicalexam
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
- Spinal Cord Syndromes ... Weakness - Lower ... motor neuron symptoms ... multiradicular pain - Leg ... #differential #diagnosis
Upper Motor Neuron (UMN) lesions are lesions occurring anywhere in the CNS from the brain up
anywhere in the CNS ... Lower motor neuron ... the differential diagnosis ... Similarly, the damaged lower ... LMN syndromes are