18 results
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... present in 15% of cases ... Demyelinating disease caused ... such as hemianopia ... #differential #
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
• Neurologic symptoms ... suggest a mass as ... the cause ... Cranial Nerve IV ... #Ophthalmology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
that results in CNS ... • Bilateral signs ... and/or symptoms ... simplex virus, HIV ... management #neurology #differential
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Cord Disorders - Differential ... and signs below ... Non-compressive Spinal Cord Causes ... sclerosis - Transverse ... , HIV, CMV, HTLV
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
symptoms (headache ... Medium and large also ... Behcet disease) Differential ... inhibitors • Uveitis- Ophthalmology ... diagnosis #management #signs
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
Non-inflammatory Causes ... nervous system (CNS ... is important, as ... pachymeningitis • HIV ... noninflammatory #differential
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
spine L1-L5 Symptoms ... equina syndrome (CES ... - Emergency Causes ... cord infarct • HIV ... myelopathy • Transverse
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
- Causes progressive ... fasciculations Common Symptoms ... Escorial criteria uses ... conditions listed in differential ... motor neurons - IV
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
CNS Infections - ... Herpesviruses (MCC: HSV ... Coltivirus Symptoms ... Acute meningeal signs ... /l is regarded as
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
- Differential ... • CT: Halo sign ... Lymphadenopathy, CNS ... Constitutional symptoms ... factor • May cause