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Bell's Palsy - Diagnosis and Management Summary - GrepMed Handbook

Acute Idiopathic Unilateral Facial Nerve (CN7) Palsy
Presentation:
Bell's Palsy - Diagnosis ... Unilateral Facial Nerve ... , Lyme, facial nerve ... inflammatory cause ... within 4m #Bells
Syphilis - Diagnosis and Management - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary
Primary Syphilis
 • Localized lymphadenopathy
 •
Syphilis - Diagnosis ... and Management ... neuritis, cranial nerve ... Pleiocytosis > 20 cells ... Positive VDRL (Se
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
Overview Focal inflammatory ... that results in CNS ... brain and/or optic nerve ... #management #neurology ... #differential
Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS)
(aka: Landry–Guillain–Barré–Strohl syndrome:
	Most common cause of acute flaccid paralysis
	Rapidly progressive ascending paralysis & areflexia
	Autonomic
Differential diagnosis ... Multiple Sclerosis: CNS ... prominent cranial nerve ... paralysis but spares ...  Transverse myelitis
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
Disease (25-75%): Inflammatory ... Behcet disease) Differential ... Oral aphthae : SLE ... • Arthritis: SLE ... #management #signs
Sjogren's Syndrome Overview

Epidemiology:
• F > M: 9:1
• 5-6th Decades (can be any age)

Autoimmune exocrinopathy multisystemic disease
overlaps with RA, SLE ... myelopathy, cranial nerve ... peripheral neuropathy, transverse ... • 8%-27% for CNS ... #Management
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
photosensitivity, inflammatory ... permanent alopecia Differential ... Diagnosis: • ANCA-associated ... and CNS • Headache ... neuropathy • Transverse
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
- Microglial cells ... can become pro-inflammatory ... conditions listed in differential ... activity between nerve ... #management
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Diagnosis Framework ... diseases, such as SLE ... muscle weakness • Nerves ... chorioretinitis, CNS ... syndrome: Ocular inflammatory
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome - Overview of IRIS

What Is IRIS?
	• A state of hyperinflammatory response that
increase in CD4+ cells ... pleural effusions, CNS ... Leishmaniasis Differential ... #Syndrome #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Management