9 results
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... compression of nerve ... syndrome (CES) ... myelopathy • Transverse ... #syndrome #differential
Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS)
(aka: Landry–Guillain–Barré–Strohl syndrome:
	Most common cause of acute flaccid paralysis
	Rapidly progressive ascending paralysis & areflexia
	Autonomic
Guillain–Barré syndrome ... Differential diagnosis ... Multiple Sclerosis: CNS ... prominent cranial nerve ...  Transverse myelitis
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
• Weakness: Starts ... • Pain: Due to nerve ... Guillain-Barre Diagnosis ... roots and cauda equina ... #diagnosis #management
Sjogren's Syndrome Overview

Epidemiology:
• F > M: 9:1
• 5-6th Decades (can be any age)

Autoimmune exocrinopathy multisystemic disease
Diagnosis: • Dry ... myelopathy, cranial nerve ... peripheral neuropathy, transverse ... • 8%-27% for CNS ... #Management
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
that results in CNS ... Pleocytosis > 100 cells ... brain and/or optic nerve ... #management #neurology ... #differential
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
permanent alopecia Differential ... Diagnosis: • ANCA-associated ... and CNS • Headache ... neuropathy • Transverse ... Erythematosus #Diagnosis
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Vasculitis - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Multinucleated giant cells ... muscle weakness • Nerves ... chorioretinitis, CNS
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome - Overview of IRIS

What Is IRIS?
	• A state of hyperinflammatory response that
Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ... pleural effusions, CNS ... #Inflammatory #Syndrome ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Management
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
apical membrane of cells ... Hypocalciuria (spot ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology