1480 results
Algorithm for Differentiating Gitelman syndrome from Bartter syndrome
 • Urine Chloride
 • Urine Ca/Cr ratio

Dr. Krithika
Chloride • Urine Ca ... Bartter #Algorithm #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Contraction → ↑ Renin ↑ Ca ... Pathophysiology #nephrology
Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) - Overview
Types of CRRT
 • CVVHD - Continuous Veno-Venous hemodialysis -
2K (both with O Ca ... Ca drip running ... (all with 2.5 Ca ... #Indications #Nephrology
Phosphate Binders - Pros and Cons

Calcium carbonate (TumsTM) 
 - Most inexpensive, antacid properties useful for
absorption compared to Ca ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... #Pharmacology #Nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Fanconi syndrome, CA ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Citrate Anticoagulation Toxicity

Hypernatremia (HyperNa):
 - Citrate solutions may have ↑ sodium content and should be paired
free, ionized Ca ... If the [Total Ca ... Multiply the Total Ca ... Toxicity #toxicology #nephrology
Calcium Electrolyte Repletion
Always correct Ca for albumin before deciding if it is abnormal
Always correct Ca ... Corrected Ca ... = Measured Ca +
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Calcium 2-3g IV Ca-gluconate ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
Tumor markers in clinical practice
Colorectal - CEA
Hepatocellular - AFP
Pancreatic - CA 19-9
Ovarian - CA 125
Breast -
Pancreatic - CA ... 19-9 Ovarian - CA ... 125 Breast - CA
Elevated Transaminases / Transaminitis - Differential Diagnosis

 • Infectious: HAV, HCV, HEV, EBV, HSV, CMV
 •
- often breast CA ... small cell lung CA