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Atrial Fibrillation Overview

Symptoms:
Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

1. Why?
Cardiac:
• Valvular heart disease
•
Cardiac: • Valvular ... heart disease ... • Structural heart ... #Fibrillation #Cardiology ... #Management #Algorithm
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
Cardiac: • Valvular ... heart disease ... • Structural heart ... #diagnosis #management ... #cardiology
Myocarditis
Diagnosis 
• Endomyocardial biopsy (gold standard, rarely performed) 
• Clinical presentation 
• Cardiovascular MRI 
Clinical 
•
performed) • Clinical ... gallop • Abnormal ECG ... shock, sudden cardiac ... death Management ... #Cardiology
Mesenteric Ischemia - Differential Diagnostic Schema
Chronic: ASCVD, Venous, Vasculitides 5% (PAN, [E]GPA, IgA, MPA)
Acute
 - Venous
inflammation (e.g ... Thrombus / Embolism: Cardiac ... strangulation), Heart ... /Vessels (Heart ... #Diagnosis #algorithm
Stages in the development of HF and recommended therapy by stage. ACEI indicates angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor;
inhibitor; AF, atrial ... disease; CRT, cardiac ... failure; HFpEF, heart ... Stages #ACCAHA #Algorithm ... #Management #Cardiology
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
Palpitations - Differential ... Nonarrhythmic Cardiac ... /Afib/WPW) • Loss ... #Palpitations #Cardiology ... #Differential #
Pulse Abnormalities - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unequal/DeIayed:
 • Obstructive arterial disease (ie. Atherosclerosis)
 • Aortic dissection
 •
Abnormalities - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... beats: • Left heart ... pressure >10mmHg: • Cardiac ... Abnormalities #Disorders #Cardiology
Right-Sided Heart Failure - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac Causes - Rule out Left-Sided Heart Failure (Most Common):
Right-Sided Heart ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cardiac Causes ... out Left-Sided Heart ... #HeartFailure #Cardiology
Premature Ventricular Complexes (PVC's) - Summary Framework

Why PVCs?  Can be the first manifestation of cardiac
manifestation of cardiac ... of structural heart ... 300 = NSVT EKG ... capture of the atria ... #cardiology
Ventricular fibrillation (V-fib or VF) is when the heart quivers instead of pumps due to disorganized
VF) is when the heart ... It results in cardiac ... 10% of people in cardiac ... #Clinical #MedStudent ... #Cardiology #EKG