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diagnosis hyponatremia differential nephrology management ckd ebv hepatology hepatorenal high hrs hyperkalemia hypertension hypotonic hypovolemia osmolality physiologic potassium potomania raas
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
electrolyte abnormality caused ... body water in comparison ... among the possible causes ... in blood urea causes ... and activates a cellular
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemic - Give volume Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... treat underlying cause ... • UOsm > 300 - ADH ... - Appropriate ADH ... diagnosis #nephrology #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... Salt Wasting • ADH ... diagnosis #table #sodium
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS) Definition: • Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment. • Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
• Caused by splanchnic ... sympathetic + ADH ... Exclude other AKI causes ... Classification: ... • Urine sodium
Management of Hyponatremia Hypertonic Saline - Only indicated if patient has severe symptoms + Na < 125 Give
Heart Failure - Add ... SIADH — look for cause ... hourly • Identify Cause ... Hyponatremia #Management #algorithm ... #treatment #sodium
Causes of Hyperkalemia l. Pseudohyperkalemia A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Pseudohyperkalemia A Cellular ... the epithelial sodium ... High #Potassium #Classification ... #Causes
Algorithm for Diagnosis and Management of Resistant Hypertension in CKD Pseudoresistant Hypertension - Reduce barriers to adherence:
Algorithm for Diagnosis ... Modifications • Low sodium ... Consider other causes ... Add loop diuretic ... Hypertension #CKD #Algorithm
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