6 results
Transverse lines of the fingernails. (A) Beau’s lines (arrows) of the thumbnail. (B) Mees’ lines (arrowheads)
Transverse lines ... the nails can be caused ... paired white lines caused ... fade with digital compression ... Ridges #Clinical #PhysicalExam
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
Lower Extremity ... Commonly caused ... fracture or prolonged compression ... #LowerLimb #Extremity ... sensory #motor #leg #physicalexam
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
- Emergency Causes ... myelopathy • Transverse ... unilateral lower extremity ... or absent lower extremity ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
) without cord compression ... cord - No cord compression ... Predictive of MS) • Check ... • Infectious causes ... • Brain MRI: Check
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
of spinal cord compression ... Non-compressive Spinal Cord Causes ... sclerosis - Transverse ... Symptoms: • Upper extremity ... , lower extremity
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Bone/Joint Causes ... stenosis/nerve compression ... cyanosis - Cool extremity ... diagnosis #lower #extremity ... #msk #physicalexam