21 results
Hypoxemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm by A-a Gradient

Normal A-a Gradient:
 • ↓ Atmospheric pressure
 • Hypoventilation: CNS
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... (↑Shunting), ↓Perfusion ... Dead space) • ↓Diffusion ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #pulmonary #Aa
Mediastinal Widening - Differential Diagnosis

 • Vascular: Aortic dissection, Aortic anourysm, Enlarged pulmonary arteries, Venous or
anourysm, Enlarged pulmonary ... duplicated SVC) • Pulmonary ... or middle lobe collapse ... Pneumomediastinum, Pericardial effusion ... Differential #Diagnosis #pulmonary
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Pericardial • Effusion ... Abnormalities • Pleural Effusions ... Vessels • Pulmonary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Ventilation/perfusion ... lung disease • Pulmonary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Pulmonary
Causes of Pleural Effusion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Exudative Effusion:
 - Pulmonary
     •
Causes of Pleural Effusion ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Exudative Effusion ... : - Pulmonary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Pleural Effusion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transudate - Hydrostatic
 • Congestive heart failure
 • Constrictive
Causes of Pleural Effusion ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Malignancy • Pulmonary ... #Pulmonary #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Hepatology
Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac:
 • Dysrhythmia
 • Ischemia
 • Cardiomyopathy
 • Valvular disease
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Pneumonia • Pulmonary ... embolism • Pulmonary ... Pleura: • Pleural effusion ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Intracardiac, Pulmonary ... V/Q Mismatch: Pulmonary ... Disease and more • Diffusion ... Defect: Pulmonary ... UnremarkableLab #AA
Berlin Criteria for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 
- Respiratory symptoms must have begun within one
consistent with pulmonary ... explained by pleural effusions ... , lobar collapse ... , lung collapse, ... or pulmonary nodules
Right Middle Lobe Collapse on Chest XRay 
An octogenarian with prior strokes, dementia, and diabetes reports
Right Middle Lobe Collapse ... #MiddleLobe #Collapse ... #ChestXRay #CXR ... #Lateral #Pulmonary