9 results
Pseudogout: pathogenesis and clinical findings
 - Idiopathic (vast majority of cases) -> Mechanism unknown
 - Familial
> Clearance of calcium ... mineralization of calcium ... joint (sudden onset ... Disease #Signs #Symptoms ... #Pathophysiology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... Dehydration • Symptoms ... changes, stroke symptoms ... Lysis Syndrome: • Pathophysiology ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Approach to Joint Pain

History:
Is the pain from:
	• Joint
	• Adjacent bursa
	• Tendon
	• Ligament
	• Bone
	• Muscle
	• Referred from
or nerve root Symptoms ... pyrophosphate dihydrate ... • Basic calcium ... hydroxyapatite) • Calcium ... Joint #Pain #MSK #rheumatology
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
• Inorganic pyrophosphate ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... ALP -> PPi and Calcium ... PPi (inorganic pyrophosphate ... mineralization Symptoms
Pseudogout Summary - Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition Disease (CPPD)

Pathophysiology:
Pyrophosphate produced by chondrocytes likely precipitates with calcium to
Pyrophosphate Deposition ... Disease (CPPD) Pathophysiology ... : Pyrophosphate ... characterized by sudden onset ... Deposition #Disease #Rheumatology
CPPD vs Gout

== CPPD == 

Think About CPPD When:
 • Self-limited synovitis after surgery/trauma (> 65
disease states Pathophysiology ... : • Pyrophosphate ... precipitates with calcium ... • Nocturnal onset ... Gout #Comparison #rheumatology
Chondrocalcinosis: Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate (CPPD) Deposition Disease

 - Acute CPPD precipitation into the joint space ->
Chondrocalcinosis: Calcium ... Pyrophosphate Dihydrate ... Disease #Signs #Symptoms ... #Pathophysiology
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
4) Average age onset ... survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... fibrosis. 4) Calcium ... Features: • Many symptoms ... patients have no symptoms
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)

High mortality without prompt recognition and management. HLH is a critical diagnostic consideration in
- Onset: Usually ... Common Signs and Symptoms ... Pathophysiology ... Diagnosis #Management #Hematology