9 results
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
significant portal HTN Signs ... to non-cirrhotic ... obstruction) • Lack of signs ... Post-Hepatic: • Cardiac causes ... pregnancy • Primary biliary
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Primary Biliary ... Cirrhosis (PBC) ... 65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... intralobular bile ducts causes ... failure PBC Signs
Ascites - Diagnostic Approach and Differential Diagnosis
The most common causes: cirrhosis, malignancy and heart failure. Approx
The most common causes ... more than one cause ... dullness, puddle sign ... incisional). 3) Signs ... concentration (bowel or biliary
Primary Sjogren’s Syndrome: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
• Primary Sjögren's is a solitary process whereas secondary Sjögren's
processes like primary biliary ... cirrhosis (PBC) ... erythematosus (SLE) Signs ... Sjogrens #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
the posterior ciliary ... retinal edema caused ... Occlusion #CRAO #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) - Recognition of giant cell arteritis (GCA)

1) Is visual loss caused
Is visual loss caused ... the optic nerve caused ... short posterior ciliary ... Doppler US : halo sign ... #Rheumatology #Ophthalmology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
hyalinization causes ... BRB breakdown causes ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Acute Closed Angle Glaucoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
OPHTHALMIC EMERGENCY: Early detection is essential, but most patients
• Significant cause ... most frequent cause ... damage & blindness Signs ... ClosedAngle #Glaucoma #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Aqueous Humor Production and Drainage
 • Provides nutrition, removes wastes, and transports neurotransmitters to the avascular
of flow) -> AH passes ... meshwork and anterior ciliary ... suprachoroidal space -> Passes ... Drainage #flow #Pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology