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Common Etiologies of Cirrhosis

Inflammation

 - Hepatitis B (15 percent)

 - Hepatitis C (47 percent)

 - Schistosomiasis
Etiologies of Cirrhosis ... Nonalcoholic fatty liver ... (Budd-Chiari syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Differential ... #Hepatology #Cirrhosis
Ascites - Differential Diagnosis
Chronic liver disease (cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis) - 80%
Underlying malignancy - 10%
Congestive heart
Ascites - Differential ... Diagnosis Chronic liver ... disease (cirrhosis ... Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome ... #Diagnosis #hepatology
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Volume (MCV) - Differential ... • Pancreatic Disease ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... Disease #Macrocytic ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Patterns of Liver Injury
Transaminase Levels:
  > 50x normal - Ischemic Hepatitis
  > 20x normal
Patterns of Liver ... CMV), Alcoholic cirrhosis ... #Injury #hepatology ... #LFTs #transaminitis ... #differential #
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Elevated Liver Enzymes ... - Differential ... • Cholestatic disease ... Infiltrative • Cirrhosis ... • Others #LFTs
Abnormal Liver Function Tests - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm for Transaminitis
Hepatocellular Pattern (ALT or AST > ALP):
Abnormal Liver Function ... Tests - Differential ... Congenital, Others, Cirrhosis ... Burak @kwburak #LFTs ... Algorithm #diagnosis #hepatology
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
Hypertension - Differential ... and hepatorenal syndrome ... • Budd Chiari syndrome ... sarcoidosis) • Liver ... Veno-occlusive disease
Causes of Portal Hypertension According to Site of Vascular Obstruction
1) Prehepatic pre-sinusoidal: Portal vein thrombosis due
or secondary to cirrhosis ... , Polycystic liver ... post-sinusoidal: Budd-Chiari syndrome ... portalhypertension #phtn #differential ... diagnosis #causes #hepatology
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Volume (MCV) - Differential ... Normal Mean Corpuscular ... Renal Disease, Liver ... Reticulocytosis • Liver ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Nail Disorders secondary to Systemic Diseases
Nail Fold Abnormality
 • SLE
 • Scleroderma
 • Dermatomyositis
Koilonychia - Spoon-shaped
discoloration) • Liver ... cirrhosis • Congestive ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... Systemic #Secondary #dermatology ... #Differential #