11 results
Traditionally, congestive heart failure has been classified according to severity of symptoms, first formulated by the
Association, which is classes ... flare ups that cause ... class III and class ... HeartFailure #Staging #Classification ... #Stages #Classes
In order to better classify heart failure, the American College of Cardiology Foundation and the American
risk factors as a classification ... Association functional class ... of the ACC/AHA Classification ... now the ACC/AHA classification ... #Stages #Classes
STAGES of CHF (A, B, C, D), however, describe the severity of structural abnormalities that impair
STAGES of CHF (A ... Stage D CHF is frequently ... flare ups that cause ... class III and class ... #ACCAHA #Algorithm
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... According to Volume Status ... #Hyponatremia #Classification ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Classification
The ASA classification (Table) aims to predict perioperative mortality rates but
(Table) aims to ... Higher ASA class ... risk when an ASA class ... and when an ASA class ... Preoperative #ASA #Classes
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Causes of Lactate ... The most common causes ... - Many other causes ... Causes of elevated ... Causes of Lactate
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Direct myoglobin ... per day until stable ... www.grepmed.com/images ... Management #Summary #causes
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
Assess functional status ... Climbing a flight of stairs ... Functional status ... ASA class If ... event, follow ACC algorithm
Amiodarone Induced Lung Toxicity Summary

Who?
• 5% of patients
• Dose ≥ 400 mg per day

How?  Possible
mechanisms: • Direct ... lung injury • Indirect ... pulmonary nodules and masses ... macrophages in alveolar spaces ... Exclude other causes
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
insipidus • Kidney stones ... caused by Ca2+ ... Heart Association class ... #Medications #Table