10 results
Iron Deficiency in Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

Iron deficiency (ID) in heart failure is a common comorbidity
Heart Failure (CHF ... Exercise capacity Diagnosis ... Heart #Failure #CHF ... #pharmacology # ... pathophysiology
Xeropthalmia: Pathogenesis and Ocular Manifestations

Decr Visual pigment -> Keratinization, thickening & non-wetting of the conjunctiva
conjunctiva) • Bitot's spots ... #Xeropthalmia #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
-> Cotton-wool spots ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #complications ... #pathophysiology
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... • Weakness: Starts ... Guillain-Barre Diagnosis ... : • CSF: - CSF ... Barre #Syndrome #diagnosis
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
-> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Thiamine Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Clinical Manifestations

Causes of Thiamine Deficiency:
 • Poor intake:
	- Diets
- Differential Diagnosis ... triggers Right HF ... : - Impaired short-term ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... beriberi #nutrition #pathophysiology
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
-> Cherry-red spot ... Occlusion #CRAO #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
simply a clinical diagnosis ... to be in ADHF starts ... establishing a diagnosis ... #heartfailure #chf ... icu #clinical #pharmacology
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
Histoplasmosis Diagnosis ... Inhalation of spores ... MC: CNS CSF: • ... India ink prep CSF ... Aspergillosis Pathophysiology
Amebiasis - Naegleria fowleri - Life Cycle
1) Cysts
2) Trophozoite
3) Flagellated Form
4) Promitosis
→ Water-related activities such as
or other water sports ... Trophozoites in CSF ... occasionally in CSF ... fowleri #LifeCycle #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology