50 results
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes and Mimics - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
90%:
 -
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes ... and Mimics - Differential ... anti-GBM) 10%: - Low Complement ... Vasculitis - Normal Complement ... #Mimics #Differential
Nephrotic Syndrome - Classification
 - Podocytopathies
 - Immunocomplex Deposits 
 - Other substances Deposits 

#Nephrotic #Syndrome
Nephrotic Syndrome ... - Classification ... #Nephrotic #Syndrome ... #Classification ... #Differential #
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasias (MEN syndromes) 

MEN I
• Hyperparathyroidism 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Possible ZE syndrome 
• Various
Neoplasias (MEN syndromes ... • Possible ZE syndrome ... • Cushing syndrome ... MultipleEndocrineNeoplasia #Differential ... Endocrinology #Classification
Differential diagnosis of schistocytes / fragmentation hemolysis:
 • Thrombotic microangiopathies (TMA)
    - TTP
Differential diagnosis ... hemolytic-uremic syndrome ... (ST-HUS) - Complement-mediated ... anemia" • HELLP syndrome ... #schistocytes #differential
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
three primary pathophysiologic ... staining): • Low Complement ... Idiopathic • Normal Complement ... Glomerulonephritis #Vasculitis #differential
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... Differential Diagnosis ... - Nephrotic syndrome ... #Hyponatremia #Classification ... #Differential #
Hypersensitivity Types and Their Mechanisms
Type I - lgE - Soluble antigen
 - Allergen-specific lgE antibodies bind
antigen, leading to complement ... Complement activation ... Hypersensitivity #Types #Classification ... #Pathophysiology
Causes of Hypocomplementemia - CHAMPS Mnemonic
C - Cryoglobulinemia (85%), C3 glomerulopathy, cirrhosis
H - Heavy Chain deposition
antiphospholipid syndrome ... Hypocomplementemia #Low #Complement ... Mnemonic #diagnosis #differential
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Hypokalemia Differential ... • Gitelman's syndrome ... • Bartter's syndrome ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Algorithm #Causes #Classification
Humoral Immunity - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Antigens (Ag) are produced from pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites)
activation • Complement ... tagged with C3 complement ... - Activate Complement ... proliferate and differentiate ... Humoral #Immunity #pathophysiology