11 results
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... algorithm Decreased ... excretion • Acute ... PHA type l/type 2 ... #nephrology #potassium
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... starts by measuring ... acidosis (type 1 of 2) ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... Assess volume status ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... renal mechanism 2) ... Volume Status ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Algorithm for Management of Acute and Chronic Hyperkalemia
Acute Hyperkalemia:
 - IV calcium (10 mL of 10%)
Algorithm for Management ... Hyperkalemia Acute ... in 4 mL) - IV sodium ... mL/min) - Oral sodium ... #treatment #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Patients with Cancer 

Cancer Related 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Intravenous contrast 
•
Acute Kidney Injury ... Cancer Related • Hypercalcemia ... change disease • Hematologic ... syndrome (Interleukin-2) ... Classification #Nephrology
Hyponatremia Diagnostic Algorithm
1) Check serum osmolality
2) Check urine osmolality
3) ADH Dependent - Check volume status, urine
Hyponatremia Diagnostic Algorithm ... serum osmolality 2) ... - Check volume status ... , urine sodium, ... #hyponatremia #nephrology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Blood transfusion, Hypercalcemia ... Neurological symptoms: Acute ... syndrome, ADEM, Acute ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Management of Convulsive Status Epilepticus in children
Stabilization Phase (Seizure 0-5 minutes):
 • Check and maintain ABC
mg) slowly over 2- ... mg) slowly over 2- ... IV Thiopental Sodium ... seizure #Management #neurology ... pediatrics #peds #algorithm
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
simplex virus 1 and 2 ... in alertness, confusion ... Symptoms: • Acute ... Altered mental status ... differential #diagnosis #neurology